Legal Technology

Two Tips and an Announcement

I’ve got two tips and an announcement in this post. First, the announcement.

After eleven years, I’ve decided to stop blogging. In retrospect, it’s past time. I’ll explain why in my last post.

The last post could be my longest ever. I plan to discuss the evolution of my views of Mississippi litigation. I view things a lot differently than I did eleven years ago. I will explore why in the last post.

It will take me a while to organize my thoughts and get it on paper. My goal is to publish the last post on March 2, but I may grant myself and extension.

The two tips are:

  1. install Sanebox email management to gain control over your inbox; and
  2. read the book The Algebra of Happiness by Scott Galloway. It’s my new favorite book and the first paragraph in the first (non-introduction) chapter is the best summary for how life changes between 25 and 45 I’ve ever read. I wish I could have read it when I was 25 or 30.
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Industry Disruptive Tech is Coming

Yahoo News reports on China experimenting with artificial intelligence in the judicial system. It opens:

Artificial-intelligence judges, cyber-courts, and verdicts delivered on chat apps — welcome to China’s brave new world of justice spotlighted by authorities this week….

The efforts include a “mobile court” offered on popular social media platform WeChat that has already handled more than three million legal cases or other judicial procedures since its launch in March, according to the Supreme People’s Court.

My Take:

I wouldn’t run out and open an AI litigation practice, but at some point tech is going to disrupt how cases are litigated and decided. There is too much inefficiency in the system for it not to.

Take personal injury litigation, for example. Insurance adjusters toil away trying to resolve cases before litigation. If they can’t, hordes of lawyers are ready to battle it out.

But when it’s over, most cases settle or are tried to verdict within a range that was predictable from the outset. There are cases right now where tens of thousands of dollars are spent working up a case that both side’s lawyers can already tell where it will settle.

Cases going the distance often result from one side or the other overly falling in love with their side’s arguments.

At some point, someone will develop an AI system that takes key metrics from a dispute and spits out a result. Insurance policies and contracts with impose the system pre-dispute, just like they do now with arbitration. It will gut sectors of the legal industry.

I don’t know exactly how or when tech will disrupt the legal industry. I just know it will.

There will still be a need for attorneys just like we still need workers in the railroad industry. But like the railroad industry, the legal industry’s glory days are behind us.

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Industry Survey: Technology Threatens Legal Industry — Mr. Sunshine Reflects

Altman Weil recently released: 2018 Law Firms in Transition, an Altman Weil Flash Survey.

From the introduction, comparing today to 2009 during the Great Recession:

The threat in 2018 is broader and more nuanced, arising primarily from the sweeping force of technology evolution over the last two decades that has resulted in the commoditization and commercialization of more and more legal services….

Most law firms continue to plan for short-term incremental improvements in performance, while deferring or slow-walking more forward-looking actions to address long-term, systemic threats.

That last line reminded me of many defense lawyers during the tort reform era of the early 2000’s. They were swamped with work and could not imagine ever not being busy.

At the time, I was a defense lawyer transitioning into a plaintiff practice (talk about rotten timing). Many fellow defense lawyers told me they would always be busy because plaintiff lawyers would always file cases. I know how crazy that sounds today, but it was a common belief in 2005.

Plaintiff lawyers certainly knew better. On the defense side, there were many lawyers drawing great paychecks sitting in mass tort depositions all day who never thought about workload next month, much less in a few years. Many of those legal eagles no longer practice law or have long since left the state for easier work.

Of the defense lawyers who did think about the future, maybe 20% had an inkling what was coming. The ones who did have done a better job adjusting to the new reality.

Divorce and criminal lawyers said less personal injury and consumer fraud litigation would not impact them because it wasn’t their practice area. Now they compete with former plaintiff and defense lawyers for that work.

The Altman survey is an interesting read. Among its conclusions:

  • there is an oversupply of lawyers,
  • billable hour demand is down,
  • there are still too many lawyers in many law firms,
  • more work is going in-house [to lawyers making less money but with a better quality of life],
  • work is being redefined or eliminated through the application of technology, and
  • the legal market will not be immune to the staggering changes wrought by modern tech.

The suggestions are bad news for big firm lawyers. They include weeding out more lawyers.

Final thoughts from Mr. Sunshine:

It’s sucked for people like me who graduated from law school in 1993. Ten years earlier, and we would have made a killing in the 90’s. Ten years later, and we wouldn’t had to so drastically adjust our professional expectations.On top of that, our retirement accounts have been halved. Twice.

We had to go through the period where no one knew how to use email yet and asshole emails were flying back and forth all day. We saw total idiots make millions. We saw great lawyers have breakdowns because their practices dried up. Many of those we started our careers with have left the state for greener pastures.

Of course, it hasn’t been all bad. I haven’t heard of a coke head lawyer in years. They can’t afford it anymore and have to stick to booze.

The worst part is that it used to be fun. Now, it’s just….not. Ask any lawyer–plaintiff or defense–if they are having fun. The answer will be ‘no.’ If you weren’t having fun practicing law in 2000, then you didn’t need to be a lawyer. Because it was a blast.

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Why is the Legal Industry Shrinking?

The ABA reports that the legal industry lost jobs for two months in a row. The combined jobs lost for July and August was 4,200 jobs. 200 fewer people work in the industry than this time last year.

Among the fields categorized as ‘professional and business services’, the legal industry is the only one losing jobs. For instance, accounting/ bookkeeping and architectural/ engineering are both up.

My Take:

Stats like these are a big deal. In a growing economy where more and more jobs are service-based, you would hope to see jobs growth in an industry. Why is the legal industry shedding jobs?

Technology? Fewer lawsuits? Continued centralization of litigation in MDL’s?

All of the above.

This is another reason to avoid law school. Career prospects are better in growth industries.

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Judge Willett Leads With Hand Grenades and Footnotes

Rookie 5th Circuit Judge Don Willett’s first opinion is out. It’s a sad criminal tale involving 143 of 144 hand-grenades being duds. Don’t worry, he went there:

Maturino’s plan for live grenades fell short, but close counts in horseshoes and hand-grenade cases.

My Take:

I’d hate to be the dude who sold 143 defective grenades to the drug cartel.

More interesting than the decision is the format of the opinion. Here’s how I break it down:

  • Font: century schoolbook
  • font size: 13
  • margins: justified
  • use of footnotes: prolific
  • footnote font size: 11.

There are both very happy and very sad appellate lawyers today. Appellate lawyers love to argue about font, margins and footnotes.

Obviously, font causes the most heated arguments. There are 3 camps:

  1. Times New Roman;
  2. Century Schoolbook, Arial, other decent fonts; and
  3. goofballs.

Times New Roman is the Buick of fonts.

Goofballs spend all day locating the goofiest font in Word and then use it on some case cracker motion. Everyone’s first reaction to the motion is: “Good God! What’s that font?”

Century schoolbook is a nice font. I used it until switching to Equity Text a few years ago.

I paid for Equity Text. That’s right. I spent money on a font. Complete nerd.

After font, the biggest cause of bar fights among appellate lawyers is whether to put citations in footnotes. I’ve used footnotes for 20 years since attending a Bryan Garner workshop. Garner loves footnotes and hates legalese (hereby, wherefore, whereby, etc.).

Some people don’t like briefs with footnotes. I’m going to start citing this opinion in my first footnote in every brief as “see U.S. v. Maturino….” with no parenthetical explaining why.

Judge Willett indented his footnotes the same length as new paragraphs. I don’t indent footnotes at all. To me they look better with no indention.

Whether to justify margins is hotly debated. I do. Some judge don’t like it. One federal district judge in Jackson famously doesn’t like justified margins. I worry more about whether a judge likes my margins than the font or footnotes.

The important thing for young lawyers is knowing that you have to write all briefs in the presiding judge’s preference for font, font size, footnotes and margins. They aren’t going to tell you what they are. You have to figure it out. Guess wrong, and you’re sure to lose.

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The Wonderful World of Lawyer Emails

I enjoy reading articles about lawyer email etiquette like this one by Stefan Savic on Above the Law. It always reminds me of how ill equipped I and many other lawyers were when we began using email in the mid-1990’s. Because trust me, if you think lawyers need lessons in email etiquette now, you have no idea.

I first used email in my practice in 1995. I was young (28), inexperienced (2 yrs), and overconfident (was it even possible for me to lose a case?). Thankfully, my firm was an early adopter and I learned many of the dangers of a quick trigger with interoffice emails before I began firing them off to opposing counsel.

Savic’s main suggestions for email are:

  • assume the whole world will see it
  • don’t use humor
  • don’t criticize or mock people
  • proofread
  • no profanity.

All good suggestions. Most of these are second nature for me. But I still struggle with not using humor.

Savic notes that written jokes can come off as awkward or insulting. I think it’s hard for people to know that a statement is a joke without hearing your tone of voice or seeing your face. There is also something about knowing the person.

Another theory is that most people don’t have a sense of humor and only laugh when they are cued by others laughing. Yet another theory is that I’m just not that funny. But that’s bullshit (see above) not true.

I do find myself writing humorous emails to opposing counsel, cracking myself up and then deleting the email without sending it. I mentioned this to a colleague the other day and he said he does the same thing.

My biggest suggestion for email is keep it short–at least if you want the recipient to read it. Many people will be reading it on their phone. While driving down the road. When I see a long email and I am out of the office, I often do not read it until I am at a computer. I suspect others are the same way.

So while you are doing that proofreading, edit the email to make it shorter. An added benefit is that short emails have less room to antagonize people as long as you also keep out insults and profanity.

And what if you receive an insulting or attacking email? Don’t respond in kind. Ignore the insults and attacks. I make this suggestion for two reasons:

  1. the fact that the other lawyer is not acting like a professional is not an excuse for you to not act like a professional (I’m pretty sure judges see it my way on this); and
  2. when you continue to act professionally, the other lawyer usually comes around and starts acting right.

I think I’m on to something with suggestion 2. If you treat lawyers the way you want to be treated even when you feel like they aren’t treating you that way–they will usually change their attitude. Before you know it, you will be friends.

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